{"id":1514,"date":"2024-05-08T13:34:08","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T05:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/oneai.eu.org\/?p=1514"},"modified":"2024-05-08T13:34:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T05:34:08","slug":"shell%e4%b8%ad%e6%88%aa%e5%8f%96%e5%ad%97%e7%ac%a6%e4%b8%b2%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oneai.eu.org\/?p=1514","title":{"rendered":"shell\u4e2d\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">shell\u4e2d\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e2d\uff0c\n${expression}\u4e00\u5171\u67099\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\n${parameter:-word}\n${parameter:=word}\n${parameter:?word}\n${parameter:+word} \n\u4e0a\u97624\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7f3a\u7701\u503c\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u3002\n${#parameter}\n\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002 \n${parameter%word} \u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u540e\u9762\u622a\u53d6word\n${parameter%%word} \u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u540e\u9762\u622a\u53d6word\n${parameter#word} \u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u622a\u53d6word\n${parameter##word} \u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u622a\u53d6word\n\u4e0a\u97624\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e86\u3002\n\u6709\u4e86\u7740\u56db\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4f7f\u7528cut\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e86\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\n\n1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 # \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a#*substr,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${str#*\/\/}\n\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3awww.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a&quot;\/\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b262\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 ## \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a##*substr,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${str##*\/}\n\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3acut-string.html\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u7684&quot;\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\n3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 % \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a%substr*,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${str%\/*}\n\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3ahttp:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a&quot;\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\n4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 %% \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a%%substr*,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${str%%\/*}\n\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3ahttp:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a&quot;\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\n\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u4e5f\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\n1\u3001\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a:start:len,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${var:0:5}\n\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 0 \u8868\u793a\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c5 \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u603b\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\n\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1ahttp:\n2\u3001\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a:start,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${var:7}\n\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 7 \u8868\u793a\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c8\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\n\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1awww.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html\n3\u3001\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5:0-start:len,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${str:0-15:10}\n\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 0-6 \u8868\u793a\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b97\u8d77\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c10 \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\n\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1acut-string\n3\u3001\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5:0-start,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nstr=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039;\necho ${str:0-4}\n\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 0-6 \u8868\u793a\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b97\u8d77\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c10 \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\n\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1ahtml\n\u6ce8\uff1a\uff08\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u7528 0 \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7528 0-1 \u8868\u793a\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>shell\u4e2d\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e2d\uff0c ${expression}\u4e00\u5171\u67099\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 ${parameter:-word} ${parameter:=word} ${parameter:?word} ${parameter:+word} \u4e0a\u97624\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7f3a\u7701\u503c\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u3002 ${#parameter} \u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002 ${parameter%word} \u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u540e\u9762\u622a\u53d6word ${parameter%%word} \u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u540e\u9762\u622a\u53d6word ${parameter#word} \u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u622a\u53d6word ${parameter##word} \u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u622a\u53d6word \u4e0a\u97624\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e86\u3002 \u6709\u4e86\u7740\u56db\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4f7f\u7528cut\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e86 \u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002 1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 # \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a#*substr,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${str#*\/\/} \u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3awww.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a&quot;\/\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b262\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 ## \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a##*substr,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${str##*\/} \u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3acut-string.html\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u7684&quot;\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26 3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 % \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a%substr*,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${str%\/*} \u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3ahttp:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a&quot;\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26 4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 %% \u53f7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5373\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5de6\u8fb9\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a%%substr*,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${str%%\/*} \u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3ahttp:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a&quot;\/&quot;\u53ca\u5176\u53f3\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u4e5f\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a 1\u3001\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a:start:len,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${var:0:5} \u5176\u4e2d\u7684 0 \u8868\u793a\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c5 \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u603b\u4e2a\u6570\u3002 \u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1ahttp: 2\u3001\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u4e3a:start,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${var:7} \u5176\u4e2d\u7684 7 \u8868\u793a\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c8\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb \u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1awww.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html 3\u3001\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5:0-start:len,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${str:0-15:10} \u5176\u4e2d\u7684 0-6 \u8868\u793a\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b97\u8d77\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c10 \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002 \u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1acut-string 3\u3001\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5:0-start,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a str=&#039;http:\/\/www.\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d.com\/cut-string.html&#039; echo ${str:0-4} \u5176\u4e2d\u7684 0-6 \u8868\u793a\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b97\u8d77\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c10 \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002 \u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1ahtml \u6ce8\uff1a\uff08\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u7528 0 \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7528 0-1 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